Bewerken van Sjabloon:Citation/doc
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{{Documentation subpage}} | |||
<!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE --> | <!-- EDIT TEMPLATE DOCUMENTATION BELOW THIS LINE --> | ||
{{For2|the <sup>''[citation needed]''</sup> template|{{tl|citation needed}}}} | |||
The '''Citation''' template generates a citation for a book, periodical, contribution in a collective work, patent, or a web page. It determines the citation type by examining which parameters are used. | |||
If invoked with the right parameters, this template produces output identical to that of the Cite templates, such as {{Tl|Cite book}} and {{Tl|Cite web}}. The default behavior sometimes differs from that of the Cite templates; for example, this template by default generates anchors for [[Harvard reference]]s whereas the Cite templates do not (although they can be made to do so), and this template by default uses commas to separate some fields that the Cite templates separate with periods (full stops). | |||
The template should be inserted ''after'' punctuation, such as a period or comma. | |||
All parameter names are [[lowercase]]. | |||
==Simple citation== | ==Simple citation== | ||
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** '''nopp''': if set to any value, <code>page = /pages = </code> do not generate 'p.' or 'pp.'. E.g. <code>nopp = true</code>. Using <code>at = </code> has the same effect. | ** '''nopp''': if set to any value, <code>page = /pages = </code> do not generate 'p.' or 'pp.'. E.g. <code>nopp = true</code>. Using <code>at = </code> has the same effect. | ||
** '''at''': Position within the resource when {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is inappropriate or insufficient. This parameter is ignored if {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is specified. Examples of usage of {{para|at}}: {{para|at|para. 14}} (when citing a source without page numbers), {{para|at|02:56}} (a film or audio timestamp), {{para|at|no. 456}} (something in a numbered list), {{para|at|p. 6, col. 2}} (for a page and a column because "column" is not a Citation template parameter), or {{para|at|sec. F pp. 4–6}} (for a section and a page within the section, "section" not being a parameter). | ** '''at''': Position within the resource when {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is inappropriate or insufficient. This parameter is ignored if {{para|page}}/{{para|pages}} is specified. Examples of usage of {{para|at}}: {{para|at|para. 14}} (when citing a source without page numbers), {{para|at|02:56}} (a film or audio timestamp), {{para|at|no. 456}} (something in a numbered list), {{para|at|p. 6, col. 2}} (for a page and a column because "column" is not a Citation template parameter), or {{para|at|sec. F pp. 4–6}} (for a section and a page within the section, "section" not being a parameter). | ||
{{csdoc|id1}} | |||
{{csdoc|id2}} | |||
{{csdoc|url}} | |||
* '''separator''': specifies the punctuation mark used to separate certain fields. This defaults to a comma; the [[Help:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] family of templates uses a period. | * '''separator''': specifies the punctuation mark used to separate certain fields. This defaults to a comma; the [[Help:Citation Style 1|Citation Style 1]] family of templates uses a period. | ||
* '''laysummary''': url of a lay summary of a technical article, which could be in a popular science magazine or newspaper. | * '''laysummary''': url of a lay summary of a technical article, which could be in a popular science magazine or newspaper. | ||
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==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
===Books=== | ===Books=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
Regel 262: | Regel 209: | ||
| edition = 2nd | | edition = 2nd | ||
| year = 2007 | | year = 2007 | ||
}} | }} | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
Regel 279: | Regel 225: | ||
| edition = 2nd | | edition = 2nd | ||
| year = 2007 | | year = 2007 | ||
}} | }} | ||
|} | |} | ||
Regel 655: | Regel 600: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Press release with quotation | | Press release with quotation | ||
| <pre>{{ | | <pre>{{Cite press release | ||
| url = http://www.apple.com/pr/ | | url = http://www.apple.com/pr/ | ||
library/2010/04/05ipad.html | library/2010/04/05ipad.html | ||
Regel 663: | Regel 608: | ||
| quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3}} | | quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3}} | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
| {{ | | {{Cite press release | ||
| url = http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/04/05ipad.html | | url = http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2010/04/05ipad.html | ||
| title = Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day | | title = Apple Sells Over 300,000 iPads First Day | ||
Regel 669: | Regel 614: | ||
| accessdate = April 10, 2010 | | accessdate = April 10, 2010 | ||
| quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3}} | | quote = in the US as of midnight Saturday, April 3}} | ||
|} | |||
==Citing patents== | |||
===Parameters (all are optional)=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| <pre>{{Citation | |||
| inventor-last = | |||
| inventor-first = | |||
| inventorlink = | |||
| inventor2-last = | |||
| inventor2-first = | |||
| inventorlink2 = | |||
| publication-date = | |||
| issue-date = | |||
| title = | |||
| country-code = | |||
| description = | |||
| patent-number = | |||
}}</pre> | |||
| | |||
* '''inventor-last''' (or '''inventor1-last'''): The inventor's surname or last name. | |||
* '''inventor-first''' (or '''inventor1-first'''): The inventor's first or given name(s). | |||
* '''inventorlink''' (or '''inventorlink1'''): Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the first inventor. | |||
* '''inventor2-last''', '''inventor3-last''', '''inventor4-last''': The second, third, and fourth authors' surname or last name, if applicable. | |||
* '''inventor2-first''', '''inventor3-first''', '''inventor4-first''': The second, third, and fourth inventors' first or given name(s), if applicable. | |||
* '''inventorlink2''', '''inventorlink3''', '''inventorlink4''': Title of an existing Wikipedia article about the second, third, and fourth inventor, if applicable. | |||
* '''publication-date''': Date of publication or filing. | |||
* '''issue-date''' (or '''date'''): Date patent was issued by patent agency. | |||
* '''title''': Title of the patent. If the title includes [square brackets], these must be encoded as "<code>&#91;</code>" for "[" and "<code>&#93;</code>" for "]" | |||
* '''country-code''': [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2|Two-letter abbreviation]] of the country issuing the patent. | |||
* '''description''': Type of patent; shown between country code and number. | |||
* '''patent-number''': The number of the patent. | |||
|} | |||
===Examples=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
| United States patent with multiple inventors | |||
| <pre>{{Citation | |||
| inventor1-last = Degermark | |||
| inventor1-first = Mikael | |||
| inventor2-last = Brodnik | |||
| inventor2-first = Andrej | |||
| inventor3-last = Carlsson | |||
| inventor3-first = Svante | |||
| inventor4-last = Pink | |||
| inventor4-first = Stephen | |||
| title = Fast routing lookup system | |||
using complete prefix tree, bit vector, | |||
and pointers in a routing table for | |||
determining where to route IP datagrams | |||
| issue-date = 2001 | |||
| patent-number = 6266706 | |||
| country-code = US}} | |||
</pre> | |||
| {{Citation | |||
| inventor1-first = Mikael | inventor1-last = Degermark | |||
| inventor2-first = Andrej | inventor2-last = Brodnik | |||
| inventor3-first = Svante | inventor3-last = Carlsson | |||
| inventor4-first = Stephen | inventor4-last = Pink | |||
| title = Fast routing lookup system using complete prefix tree, bit vector, and pointers in a routing table for determining where to route IP datagrams | |||
| issue-date = 2001 | |||
| patent-number = 6266706 | |||
| country-code = US}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
Regel 687: | Regel 696: | ||
:17. {{harvnb|Wright|Evans|1851|p = ix}} | :17. {{harvnb|Wright|Evans|1851|p = ix}} | ||
The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor. | The names of only the first four authors are used; other author names are not concatenated to the ID. If no author names are given, editor names are used instead. For [[#Citing patents|patents]], inventor names are used instead of authors or editors. If these names are not given, this template does not generate an anchor. | ||
Last names are used, as specified by the parameters {{para|last1}} (or {{para|last}}), {{para|last2}}, {{para|last3}}, and {{para|last4}}, and similarly for {{para|editor1-last}} etc. and for {{para|inventor1-last}} etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "<code><nowiki>{{Citation | author = Sigmund Freud | title = The Ego and the Id | year = 1923}}</nowiki></code>" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "<code><nowiki>{{harv|Freud|1923}}</nowiki></code>". To make these {{tl|citation}} and {{tl|harv}} invocations compatible, either replace "{{para|author|Sigmund Freud}}" with "{{para|first|Sigmund}} {{para|last|Freud}}", or add "{{para|ref|<nowiki>{{harvid|Freud|1923}}</nowiki>}}" to the {{tl|citation}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "{{para|ref|EgoId}}") to both the {{tl|citation}} and the {{tl|harv}} invocations. | Last names are used, as specified by the parameters {{para|last1}} (or {{para|last}}), {{para|last2}}, {{para|last3}}, and {{para|last4}}, and similarly for {{para|editor1-last}} etc. and for {{para|inventor1-last}} etc. If a full name is given but no last name is specified, this template falls back on the full name, but this usage is not recommended. For example, in "<code><nowiki>{{Citation | author = Sigmund Freud | title = The Ego and the Id | year = 1923}}</nowiki></code>" no last name is given, so this citation cannot be combined with the Harvard reference "<code><nowiki>{{harv|Freud|1923}}</nowiki></code>". To make these {{tl|citation}} and {{tl|harv}} invocations compatible, either replace "{{para|author|Sigmund Freud}}" with "{{para|first|Sigmund}} {{para|last|Freud}}", or add "{{para|ref|<nowiki>{{harvid|Freud|1923}}</nowiki>}}" to the {{tl|citation}} invocation, or add the same ref parameter (say, "{{para|ref|EgoId}}") to both the {{tl|citation}} and the {{tl|harv}} invocations. | ||
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<includeonly> | <includeonly> | ||
[[ | [[Category:Citation templates| ]] | ||
[[ar:قالب:استشهاد]] | |||
[[bg:Шаблон:Citation]] | |||
[[da:Skabelon:Citation]] | |||
[[et:Mall:Viide]] | |||
[[eo:Ŝablono:Cito]] | |||
[[es:Plantilla:Obra citada]] | |||
[[eu:Txantiloi:Erreferentzia]] | |||
[[gu:ઢાંચો:Citation]] | |||
[[ko:틀:인용]] | |||
[[ja:Template:Citation]] | |||
[[no:mal:Citation]] | |||
[[pt:Predefinição:Citation]] | |||
[[ro:Format:Citation]] | |||
[[ru:Шаблон:Citation]] | |||
[[sl:Predloga:Citat]] | |||
[[sr:Шаблон:Citation]] | |||
[[sv:Mall:Citation]] | |||
[[th:แม่แบบ:Citation]] | |||
[[tr:Şablon:Citation]] | |||
[[zh:Template:Citation]] | |||
</includeonly> | </includeonly> |